Showing posts with label painters. Show all posts
Showing posts with label painters. Show all posts

Feuille d'Album, by Katherine Mansfield

SUMMARY, by Núria Lecina

The title is the same as Chopin’s musical composition that remembers love in spring, when new flowers and leaves begin to grown. This piece was dedicated to the countess Szeremtieff.
The text is narrated in the third person by an unknown narrator. In some moments, another narrator takes part with some question or comment. There are a lot of changes in the narration. The text it’s full of descriptions of the main character, other people and places or atmosphere.

Ian is the main character. He is a young painter who lives alone in Paris, in a typical French building in a top flat in front of Senna’s River. The description that Katherine writes shows us different aspects of the boy, sometimes contradictory.

We read that at first glance he seems an interesting man, elegant, clever and handsome. In spite of that, we read that he also is an impossible man, unbearably heavy and especially shy, very shy. He has difficulties to achieve a normal social relationship, and his relationships with women who are interested in him always end badly. Ian doesn’t answer to the kindnesses of these women. He hides inside his shell, like a tortoise. He closes and disappears.

He lives in his own world; he has an introvert life with his own routines. He is excessively tidy with home things. He thinks about his economy and the way to organize his savings. All in his life has to follow some pattern to be right. For instance, in front of his bed, there is a notice with this advice: GET UP AT ONCE.

One afternoon he was in the window having a snack when he saw a girl in the building across the way in front of him. The girl went out to the balcony with a flower’s pot. She was a bit odd in her clothes and maybe in the way she spoke to another person. He didn’t know who spoke to her. Perhaps somebody she lived with?

At this moment Ian understood that she was the only person he really wanted to meet. She appeared to be the same age as him. He fell in love with her just at that moment. He began to imagine things about her life and also how his life would be like with her. But the girl did not notice the presence of someone watching her. She carried on his routines.

From this day, he felt a change in his life: he had a challenge and this was to get as fast as he could a new pattern of behaviour to order his routines and actions: NOT TO LOOK AT HER AND NOT TO THINK ABOUT HER UNTIL THE PAINTING IS FINISHED.

Ian wanted to meet the girl, but he hadn’t any idea of what to do. He didn’t have experience in this matter. His shyness drowned him. Every day he observed the girl, every time he had more and more desire to meet her. One day he discovered that every Thursday she went out with a basket, probably shopping. One Thursday, when the girl left home, Ian decided to act. He went down to the street and followed her. He saw more and more clearly that they were soulmates.

She seemed lonely, serious. Then he saw the opportunity. She entered a shop and bought an egg, only one. The same that he would have chosen. When the girl came out, he went into the store and bought the same. Quickly he followed her, and when she arrived to her building and entered the lobby, he went in behind her and said:

“Excuse me, Mademoiselle, I think you dropped this”, and he showed her the egg.

And he handed her his own egg!!!

That scene seems taken from a basic manual to begin relationships. Maybe the object isn’t the most appropriate, but I hope everything will work very well with them.

 

PERSONAL OPINION

As in Chopin’s composition, Ian finds love, and it appears suddenly, like leaves (feuilles) and flowers in Spring. In this short story, Katherine Mansfield presents the awakening of the love in a young man. One man that, in spite of his difficulty with relationships, has the same emotions and feelings as the other people.

In my opinion, Ian suffers some dysfunction in social abilities. He constantly needs rules for his actions, he always needs order around him. It seems he is afraid in front of new situations; this is, from my point of view, the reason why he doesn’t answer people and hides like a tortoise. Maybe he suffers from some minor autistic disorder.


QUESTIONS

-Why does he say “you nearly screamed” when the boy was in your studio?

-Who was the person “who started to give him a mother’s tender care”?

-When do you know that someone is an artist?

-What kind of pictures do you imagine Ian French painted?

-How do you imagine the family’s girl and the girl’s character?

-Why did he give her an egg at the end of the story? What does the egg symbolize?

-What is the meaning of the title?

 

VOCABULARY

rousing, stony, rag-time, Broken Doll, fishy, ladling, booths, awning, still life, spangle, peppered, daffodils, draper's, dairy

 ANALYSIS

ANOTHER ANALYSIS

MEANING OF THE TITLE

The Raft of the Medusa, by Julian Barnes

Théodore Géricault




The Raft of The Medusa at the Wikipedia

Julian Barnes at the Wikipedia

A History of the World in 10 1/2 Chapters at the Wikipedia

Analysis

New York Times review


The short story you’re going to read is a bit different from the ones we have read until now, but don’t get scared, because I’m going to help you.

The story has two very different parts.

The first part narrates the shipwreck, so it has a lot of naval vocabulary (there is a glossary below), but don’t worry about it: to understand what happened you don’t even it to look up these words in a dictionary: just go on reading. The event is more or less like this: in the year 1816 a group of four French ships sailing from a port near La Rochelle were heading south along the African coast. Due to the incompetence of the commandments and/or adverse winds, the group of ships got separated, and the last one got stuck in a reef and couldn’t go on sailing at all; so the commandments ordered to leave the ship, but, as there were not enough boats for all the passengers and crew, they decided to build a raft that would be towed by the boats. But the raft couldn’t support so much weight, and they had to throw away some food and drink; even so, when everybody was on board, the raft was more than half a metre under water, and almost everybody on the raft had their legs under water. But the worst was that the boats cut the ropes that were tied to the raft to tow it, abandon it to their own fate and went away. The situation on the raft was desperate: they didn’t have instruments to navigate, neither rows nor a sail; they fight for better positions on the raft and for food and water; during the night it was a storm; a lot of people died or were murdered or committed suicide; there were cases of cannibalism… At the end, only a few survived on the raft and were rescued by the ship Argus. The survivals had decided to write down the events, and so now we know a lot of details of the story.

The second part narrates how Théodore Géricault painted The Raft of the Medusa (Medusa being the name of the stranded ship) and what was the public opinion about the painting. This second part of the story doesn’t have vocabulary problems (I think), but perhaps it isn't as moving as the first one, and it demands an effort extra as it goes into art.

Julian Barnes is very keen on art and has a book of essays about paintings and painters called Keeping an Eye Open and the novel The Man in the RedCoat with a lot of art inside, or The Noise of the Time about the Russian musician Shostakovich… So in his books we find a lot of history, art and also politics.

This is the cover of the book I bought thirty years ago. In it, you can see the Ark of Noah and a part of a spaceship floating in a stormy sea in an intent to convey the contents of the book: the history and the sea. The idea of the book is similar to another famous book by Stefan Zweig: Decisive Moments in History: Twelve Historical Miniatures. So, Barnes tells us about ten “and a half moment” in the History (real or literary) of the world but under a fictional vision with a short story form.

QUESTIONS for the first part of the story 

Tell us in your words what the bad omen was.

What happened in the Canary Islands?

Why was Senegal important for the French?

What do you know about famous rafts? What do you know about the raft of Odysseus?

Do you remember other famous shipwrecks?

What do you know about the myth of Medusa?

When the raft was ready with all the people on it, they shouted “Vive le Roi!” What political moment was France in?

Tell us about the sufferings of the shipwrecked people.

What cruel or repugnant but necessary actions did the shipwrecked do? What would you do in your case?

What happened to the people who didn’t want to abandon the ship?

Who rescued the shipwrecked, and what did the survivors do afterwards?

 

QUESTIONS about Scene of Shipwreck, by Géricault

 

Do you remember any film or novel about catastrophes? Why do you think we like this kind of films if we already know how they end?

What do you know about Géricault (not the biography, but some curious or interesting fact)?

Géricault shaved his head in order not to see anyone and be locked in his studio working. Do you know more cases of artists who had to do something radical to keep on working?

What human resources did Géricault use to paint more realistically his painting?

What can you tell us about Delacroix?

“You can tell more by showing less”: What does this saying mean? Can you give some examples?

What do you think about the title “Scene of Shipwreck”? What other title would you have given to the picture?

Who is Venus Anadyomene?

What differences do you remember between the painting and the real facts?
As we can see that cannibalism is taboo in most societies, do you think eating meat would be so in some years?


(some) VOCABULARY (in context)

portent = augury
porpoises = sea mammals similar to dolphins
frigate, corvette, flute, brig = different kind of ships
banian fig
shallows = not deep water
lead = heavy metal used to measure the depth
ensign = junior lieutenant
luffing = losing wind
have a heel = incline to one side
astern = behind
pinnace = boat
soundings = measuring (the depth of the water)
billows = big waves
tags = strips of (e.g.) metal
pewter = metal mixture of tin and lead
supernumerary = extra

The Red-Haired Girl, by Penelope Fitzgerald


Penelope Fitzgerald at the Wikipedia: click here
Julian Barnes on Penelope Fitzgerald: The Guardian
Penelope Fitzgerald at The Paris Review
Penelope Fitzgerald at Sidney Review of Books
Penelope Fitzgerald's Archive: click here
Obituary at The New York Times
The Means of Escape at the Wikipedia: click here
The Red-Haired Girl at The New Yook Times

The Bookshop trailer



Presentation, by Àngels Gallardo

Biography

Penelope Fitzgerald was born in Lincoln in 1916 and died in 2000. She was a novelist, poetess, essayist, English biographer, and she won the Booker Award in 1979 with The bookshop.
She was the daughter of a publisher and her uncle was a theologian, a writer and a Bible scholar.
In her family, there were men of the Bible with a good academic education, so that it impacted her dedication to her writing. She began to write later in life, and she published her first book in 1975.
She was married to an Irish soldier and they had three children.
She worked in a dramatic art school until she was seventy years old.
A library and a boat house inspired her to write two of her novels.
Another thing was that she used to write early in the morning or very late at night.

The Red-Haired Girl

The story explains the life of five people who had studied in the atelier of Vincent Bonvin.
In 1882 they organized a party to go to Brittany because they wanted somewhere cheap and characteristic types, natural, busy with occupations and in plein air.
They were poor and they brought only the necessary luggage.
When they arrived there, they decided to begin with Sant-Briac-sur-Mer because somebody had recommended it to them.
After that, they went to Palourde on the coast near Cancale.
They didn't wanted to spend time as tourists, they only wanted to paint because they were artists.
They made reservations in the Hôtel du Port and their rooms and food were very simple.
In the kitchen of the hotel was working a red haired girl named Annik. She worked all day but she had a short time every day.
One of them, named Hackett, thought that this girl could be his model.
He asked her if she could be his model an hour a day and only when he finished he would pay her.
He asked her to borrow a red shawl because he wanted her to wear it while he was painting her.
During the next three days Annik stood with her crochet on the back steps of the hotel.
He looked for the contrast between the copper coloured hair and the scarlet shawl, and he accepted that she never smiled.
One of the artists received a telegram from Paris; it said that their professor Bonvin will come on a day to the hotel because he would be delighted to see his pupils in Palourde, and he wanted to look at their portfolios, but them were bad for him and he went away.
At the end of this story, Annik disappeared because she had been dismissed.

QUESTIONS

What can you tell us about art and artists at the end of the 19th century?
What information can you give us about Brittany?
Why did this group of artists decide to go to Brittany?
Describe Palourde.
Talk about the main characters:
            Hackett
            Annik
                        appearance (What did she look like?)
                        personality (What was she like?)
            Bonvin (and his relationship with Palourde: “Palourde was indifferent to artists, but Bonvin had imposed himself as a professor.”)
What was Hackett’s saying about catching a cough and what does it mean?
How did the group of artists accommodate (room, meals) themselves in Palourde?
Describe the Hôtel du Port.
What do Palourde people usually do after lunch?
What happened with the shawl for Annik?
Tell us about Annik’s portrait / painting.
“Oh, everybody wants the same things. The only difference is what they will do to get them.” What do you think about this?
“Once a teacher, always a teacher.” What’s your opinion?
Why, according to Bonvin, are Hackett’s paintings bad?
“It’s only in the studio that you can bring out the heart of the subject...” Do you agree?
When you paint, what do you want to paint: what you see, or the soul of what you see?
Faces are soul’s mirrors?
Who was Chateaubriand?
“Boredom and the withering sense of insignificance can bring one as low as grief.” Is this true?
In the end, what do you think Hackett is going to miss?
Is he going to become an artist? Why?

VOCABULARY

knickerbockers, wideawake, sightseer, intended, digs, down, taxing (tax), gibbering, small hours, boredom